信息时代青年政工干部能力构成的新变化

在信息时代,社会生活对青年政工干部的能力构成要求正在悄然发生变化,其中包括理性生活的能力、控制情绪的能力、克服偏见的能力、待人以善的能力、信任同志的能力、寻找需求的能力、正视付出的能力、把握机会的能力。关注信息时代青年政工干部能力构成的微妙变化具有积极的现实意义。     

Reclaiming the Party’s Control of the Gun: Bringing Civilian Authority Back in China’s Civil-Military Relations

ABSTRACT

Since emerging as China’s top leader following the 18th Party Congress, Xi Jinping has moved swiftly to consolidate his formal authority as Central Military Commission chairman over the Chinese People’s Liberation Army. In redressing the civil-military imbalance wrought by Dengist economic reforms, the commander-in-chief has combined institutional mechanisms with the use of fear to impose authoritative civilian control over the military. This paper proposes that a combination of changes to the Chinese strategic environment has contributed to Xi’s utility of the anti-corruption campaign to purge the regime’s coercive forces of its previous underpinnings, and advances that the war on military malfeasance has given rise to a new set of dynamics in civil-military relations in post-Reform China.     

交流感应电动机精确解耦的自抗扰控制

为了实现交流感应电动机高性能调速,快速跟踪变化的负载转矩,对静止两相αβ坐标系中的电动机数学模型精确反馈线性化,实现转速和转子磁链系统的完全解耦。针对解耦的转速和磁链子系统的设计2个结构完全相同的自抗扰控制器,实现对转速和磁链的完全独立控制。实验研究表明:电动机转速和磁链分别大约在0.7 s和0.3 s时达到参考值;负载转矩的变化将引起转速7 rad·s~(-1)范围内的变化,但磁链仍保持给定值;当转速稳定时,电磁转矩在1 s时间内能快速跟踪变化的负载转矩,其超调量不超过20 N·m;控制系统能适应转子电阻±10%和定子电阻+10%范围的变化。     

主动自适应悬架机器人概念样机及其配置模型和方法

未来的空间探测要求机器人系统具备高可靠性、高移动性,以胜任未知非结构的地理环境。结合自适应悬架机器人和主动悬架机器人的优点,创新提出主动自适应悬架机器人的概念。它是一类具有主动配置功能的自适应悬架机器人,在一般复杂地形环境下,利用移动机构的超静定特性自适应地形,在极端复杂环境下,主动调整悬架结构等移动机构的运动配置适应地形变化,获取最佳移动性能。设计了一种六轮主动自适应悬架样机,可实现折叠、翻到后起身,建立了机器人移动性能综合评价模型,并给出了相应的配置模型和主动配置方法,通过主动配置可明显提高主动自适应悬架机器人的移动性能。     

Integrating the Services and Harnessing the Military Area Commands

ABSTRACT

The Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) is halfway through a multi-decade modernization process. It has begun a major restructuring effort as it shifts its focus from a traditional continental defensive posture to a more maritime-oriented emphasis. In order to create more balanced joint force, it has adjusted the structure of its highest command organization, the Central Military Commission; abolished the former four General Departments and seven Military Regions; created five new joint Theater Commands and service-level commands for the Army and Rocket Force; and is reducing the size of its active duty force by 300,000 personnel. While seeking to overcome numerous internal obstacles, the PLA continues to develop and improve its capabilities to conduct integrated joint operations to deter a variety of threats to China’s sovereignty and territory and, if deterrence fails, to win informationized local war.     

抑制磁浮轨道不平顺对悬浮系统影响的方法研究

磁浮轨道不平顺是磁浮悬浮系统的主要激扰源之一，其中又以轨道高低周期性不平顺对系统影响最大。这种激扰造成悬浮质量下降、稳定裕度减小以及舒适性降低等问题。为了研究该类型激扰对悬浮系统的影响，本文首先介绍了轨枕铺设、轨道梁距离这两个轨道周期性不平顺的主要来源，建立了带轨道周期性不平顺的悬浮模块模型。在此基础上，从干扰输入和系统输出的角度探究了轨道不平顺对悬浮系统的影响。以数值仿真的方式，分析了系统在额定车速下，当受到不同轨道波长激励下时的悬浮间隙波动输出。然后，结合唐山轨道不平顺功率谱，指出了车辆运行时候的敏感波长区域，从轨枕铺设和轨道梁架设距离两个方面提出了改进意见。最后，针对现有的磁浮轨道工况，从控制器设计角度研究了调整控制参数对抑制轨道周期性不平顺干扰的影响。     

Quarrelsome committees in US defense acquisition: the KC-X case

When the US Air Force set out to acquire a new aerial tanker (the KC-X), two highly suitable alternatives were offered. What could have been a short and simple source selection turned into a prolonged embarrassment. The original selection of 100 leased KC-767s was made in May 2003. But the KC-46 is expected to be operational in 2017 – more than a decade later. Our primary purpose here is to narrate and explain key events in the KC-X program. We search for useful paradigms, based in part on the US Government being better viewed as a quarrelsome committee than a monopsonist. In addition, we consider what this case might tell us about the US defense acquisition system.     

Building Legitimacy: Interactional Dynamics and the Popular Evaluation of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) in Turkey

Abstract

Previous research has identified a variety of general mechanisms to explain how insurgents build legitimacy. Yet, there is often a gap between these mechanisms and the interactional dynamics of insurgencies. This article attempts to bridge this gap through a theoretically informed analysis of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party’s (PKK) insurgency in Turkey. I show how the PKK’s efforts to cultivate legitimacy, Turkey’s counterinsurgency strategies, and civilian perceptions of the PKK, all mutually influenced one another. Based on this analysis, I argue that the mechanisms that produce popular legitimacy coevolve with insurgents’ behaviors, states’ interventions, and civilians’ perceptions.     

‘A Brave New World for Chinese Joint Operations’

A key organizational challenge for all modern militaries is instituting an effective command-and-control (C2) structure for joint operations. China has been a relative latecomer to joint operations, with a persistent weakness in joint C2. Reforms launched in early 2016 sought to overcome this challenge by establishing a permanent two-level joint C2 structure. Although not a ‘tipping point’ that will lead ineluctably to stronger operational effectiveness, this reform is nonetheless an important milestone in an evolutionary process towards better PLA joint operations. The result could be added operational challenges for several of China’s neighbors and the United States.     

基于输出饱和条件下磁浮列车悬浮控制参数优化

低速磁浮列车利用电磁吸力支撑车体,相比轮轨列车具有噪音小、转弯半径小、爬坡能力强等优点。研究控制器输出饱和条件下悬浮系统的稳定性问题,可以避免由于电网电压约束而可能出现的失稳现象,提高了系统运行的可靠性。基于磁浮列车单点悬浮模型,使用电流-位置双环设计方法设计得到可稳定悬浮的控制算法。由于磁浮列车悬浮控制器的输出饱和环节,进一步提出了一种基于搜索极大椭球的控制参数优化方法,在不改变控制算法设计的前提下实现了参数优化。通过仿真和试验均验证了优化后的控制效果,有效指导了实际系统的工程调试。